Diabetes is a health problem that changes how the body uses sugar (glucose) for energy. Glucose is important because it gives energy to the body’s cells. Insulin, a hormone made by the pancreas, helps glucose enter the cells. When the body doesn’t make enough insulin or can’t use it properly, blood sugar levels rise.
There are three main types of diabetes. Type 1 diabetes happens when the body’s immune system attacks the pancreas. This stops it from making insulin and usually starts in childhood or young adulthood. Type 2 diabetes is the most common type and happens when the body doesn’t use insulin correctly. Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy and usually goes away after the baby is born. However, it can increase the risk of Type 2 diabetes later.
Doctors use tests to diagnose diabetes. One common test is the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) test. This test measures blood sugar levels after not eating for eight hours. If blood sugar is 126 mg/dL or higher, it may mean diabetes. Another test, called the A1c test, shows average blood sugar levels over the past two to three months. An A1c level of 6.5% or higher usually means diabetes. For pregnant women, doctors often use the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), which checks how the body handles sugar after drinking a sweet liquid.
It is very important to diagnose diabetes early. If untreated, it can lead to serious problems like heart disease, nerve damage, or vision loss. Symptoms such as feeling very thirsty, urinating often, being tired, or having blurry vision can be warning signs.
Getting a diabetes diagnosis might seem scary, but it is manageable. With healthy habits, good care, and regular check-ups, people can live healthy lives.
Additional Reading:
The Sweet Truth About Coke Zero and Blood Sugar: What You Need to Know
Exactly What Is Type One Diabetes? A Sweet Dive Into the Insulin Pool
Empowering Your Understanding of Diabetes: Your Key to Comprehensive Insights and Strategies
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